Jharkhand Facts and Information
General Information
| Capital | Ranchi |
|---|---|
| Formation Date | 15 November 2000 (carved from Bihar) |
| Largest City | Jamshedpur |
| Official Language | Hindi (with regional language status to many tribal languages) |
| State Animal | Indian elephant |
| State Bird | Asian koel |
| State Flower | Palash (Flame of the Forest) |
| State Name | Jharkhand |
Government and Administration
| Chief Minister | Hemant Soren |
|---|---|
| Governor | Santosh Kumar Gangwar |
| High Court | Jharkhand High Court at Ranchi |
| Legislature | Unicameral (81 Assembly seats) |
| Lok Sabha Seats | 14 |
| Number of Districts | 24 |
| Rajya Sabha Seats | 6 |
Geography and Environment
| Area | 79,716 km² |
|---|---|
| Climate | Subtropical |
| Forest Cover | ~29.3% |
| Major Park | Betla National Park, Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary |
| Major Rivers | Subarnarekha, Damodar, Brahmani |
Demographics and Social Structure
| Density | ~414/km² |
|---|---|
| Literacy Rate | 66.41% |
| Population (2011 Census) | 33.0 million |
| Sex Ratio | 948 |
| Tribal Population | ~26.2% (32 recognized tribes) |
Economy and Industry
| Industrial Center | Jamshedpur, Bokaro, Dhanbad |
|---|---|
| Major Plants | Bokaro Steel Plant, HEC Ranchi |
| Mining Wealth | Coal (~40% of India), iron ore, copper, mica, uranium |
| Steel Heritage | Tata Steel (Jamshedpur, est. 1907) |
Education and Research
| AIIMS | AIIMS Deoghar |
|---|---|
| Central University | Central University of Jharkhand |
| IIM | IIM Ranchi |
| Premier Institute | IIT Indian School of Mines (Dhanbad) |
Infrastructure and Connectivity
| Industrial Towns | Jamshedpur (planned by Tatas), Bokaro |
|---|---|
| Major Airport | Birsa Munda Airport, Ranchi |
| Rail Hub | Dhanbad Junction, Ranchi Junction |
Culture and Heritage
| Folk Dance | Chhau (UNESCO Intangible Heritage), Jhumar |
|---|---|
| Major Festival | Karma, Sarhul, Sohrai |
| Sacred Grove | Sarna (traditional tribal worship sites) |
| Tribal Heritage | Largest tribal population in India (Santhal, Munda, Oraon, Ho) |
Tourism and Places of Interest
| Hill Station | Netarhat ('Queen of Chotanagpur') |
|---|---|
| Pilgrimage | Baidyanath Dham (Deoghar) — one of 12 Jyotirlingas |
| Waterfalls | Hundru, Dassam, Jonha |
| Wildlife | Betla National Park |
Fun facts
| Birsa Munda | Tribal freedom fighter remembered on Jharkhand Foundation Day |
|---|---|
| First Tribal-led State | Born from a tribal autonomy movement |
| Mineral Capital | Holds ~40% of India's mineral wealth |